Rekonstruksi Etika Gender Al-Qur'an Melalui Kerangka Hermeneutika Berorientasi Maqāṣid
Reconstructing Qur'Anic Gender Ethics Through A Maqasid-Oriented Hermeneutical Framework
Keywords:
Maqāṣid Ontologis; Etika Gender Al-Qur'an; Hermeneutika Berorientasi Maqāṣid; Resiprositas Etis; Tafsir Al-Qur'an Kontemporer.Abstract
Perdebatan mengenai etika gender dalam Al-Qur'an masih didominasi oleh pendekatan legalistik, feminis, dan hermeneutika kontekstual, sehingga dimensi ontologis dan tujuan etik yang mendasarinya belum memperoleh perhatian yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi etika gender Qur'ani melalui kerangka hermeneutika berorientasi maqāṣid yang mengintegrasikan ontologi, resiprositas etis, dan transformasi sosial. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan sumber primer berupa ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an terkait relasi gender dan sumber sekunder berupa tafsir klasik, literatur maqāṣid, serta artikel ilmiah internasional. Data dianalisis menggunakan thematic content analysis, constructive philosophical analysis, dan conceptual synthesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya lima dimensi yang saling berkaitan, yaitu hakikat ontologis gender, rekonstruksi etika melalui maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, resiprositas etis sebagai inti relasi antargender, hermeneutika transformatif untuk tafsir kontemporer, dan formulasi kerangka global etika gender Qur'ani. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa gender dalam perspektif Al-Qur'an merupakan ekspresi pluralitas yang berakar pada kesatuan eksistensial manusia dan diarahkan pada kemaslahatan kolektif. Novelty penelitian terletak pada pengembangan konsep Ontological Maqāṣid dan formulasi kerangka hermeneutika integratif yang memperluas kontribusi studi Al-Qur'an terhadap diskursus etika, keadilan, dan kemanusiaan global.
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