Factors Causing Language Anxiety in Arabic Language Learning: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

Through a library research approach, this descriptive qualitative research aims to thoroughly analyze various factors that trigger language anxiety in the context of Arabic language learning. The output of this study is projected as a source of scientific reference for educators, academics, researchers, and educational institutions in mapping and mitigating these psychological obstacles in students. Based on the results of the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), it was found that speech anxiety is triggered by a complex interaction between internal and external factors. Internal dimensions include low self-efficacy, limited vocabulary mastery (mufrodat), weak grammatical comprehension (qawaid), articulation constraints, learning demotivation, and lack of intensity of speaking practice. The accumulation of these internal factors manifests anxiety in the form of fear of mistakes, which then trigger nervousness, inferiority, and awkwardness when communicating verbally in Arabic.